Tecoma stans

• Family: Bignoniaceae
• Genus: Tecoma
• Species: Tecoma stans

Common Name:
• English: Yellow Trumpetbush
• Malayalam: അമ്പരിളക്കം (Ambarilakkam)
• Tamil: தாமரைவளம் (Thaamarai Valam)
• Botanical Description:
Tecoma stans is a tropical shrub or small tree that typically grows between 3 to 5 meters tall. It is native to the American tropics but is now widely cultivated in many parts of the world. The plant has the following characteristics:

• Leaves: The leaves are opposite, pinnately compound with 5 to 9 leaflets. The leaflets are lanceolate to elliptical, with serrated margins and a glossy green surface. The petiole is relatively long.
• Flowers: The flowers are large, trumpet-shaped, bright yellow (sometimes orange or red), and grow in dense terminal panicles. Each flower has five lobes and is about 4 to 6 cm long. The flowers are rich in nectar and attract a variety of pollinators, particularly bees and hummingbirds.
• Fruits: The plant produces long, cylindrical, and thin capsules, which contain numerous small seeds. These seed pods are brown and split open when ripe.
• Stem and Bark: The stems are woody, with smooth grayish bark. The branches are numerous and spread out to form a dense canopy.
• Roots: The plant has a strong root system, which allows it to grow in a variety of soils, including those with moderate drought resistance.
Uses of Tecoma stans:
1. Medicinal Uses:
Tecoma stans has been traditionally used in herbal medicine. The flowers, leaves, and roots of the plant are believed to possess various medicinal properties, such as:
o Antipyretic (fever-reducing)
o Anti-inflammatory
o Diuretic
o Antibacterial and antifungal properties The plant is often used in the treatment of diseases like malaria, skin infections, and as a remedy for jaundice and liver issues. A decoction of the leaves and flowers is sometimes used to treat colds and fevers.
2. Ornamental Use:
It is widely grown as an ornamental plant due to its vibrant yellow flowers and dense foliage. It is commonly used in gardens, parks, and roadside plantings for decorative purposes.
3. Soil Erosion Control:
Due to its rapid growth and deep root system, Tecoma stans can be used for controlling soil erosion, especially on embankments and slopes.
4. Honey Production:
The flowers are rich in nectar and attract bees, making the plant useful for honey production.
5. Landscape Design:
The plant is frequently used in xeriscaping (water-efficient landscaping) and in tropical and subtropical landscapes because of its drought tolerance and aesthetic appeal.
Cultural and Traditional Significance:
In some cultures, the flowers are also used in religious or ceremonial contexts, given their bright, striking appearance. The plant is sometimes considered a symbol of beauty and prosperity in certain traditions.
In summary, Tecoma stans is an important plant both for its aesthetic value and its medicinal uses, making it a versatile addition to gardens and herbal treatments.
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